Amendments to Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) Act, 1976

The Union Cabinet today gave its approval to the proposed amendments in the Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) Act, 1976 to enhance authorized and issued capital to strengthen their capital base. The term of the non official directors appointed by the Central Government is proposed to be fixed not exceeding two years. 

The proposed amendments will ensure financial stability of RRBs which will enable them to play a greater role in financial inclusion and meet the credit requirements of rural areas and the Boards of RRBs will be strengthened. 

Background 

Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) were established under Regional Rural Banks Act, 1976 (the RRB Act) to create an alternative channel to the `cooperative credit structure and to ensure sufficient institutional credit for the rural and agriculture sector. RRBs are jointly owned by the Government of India, the concerned State government and sponsor banks, with the issued capital shared in the proportion of 50 percent, 15 percent and 35 percent, respectively. As per provisions of the Regional Rural Banks Act, 1976 the authorized capital of each RRB is Rs. 5 crore and the issued capital is a maximum Rs. 1 crore. 

Cheque Truncation System (CTS)

It is one of the major innovations in cheque clearing after the Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) cheques introduced in the 80s. Cheque truncation is a system between clearing and settlement of cheques based on electronic images.

This form of clearing does not involve any physical exchange of instrument. Bank customers would get their cheques realised faster as local cheques are cleared almost the same day as the cheque is presented to the clearing house, while intercity clearing happens the next day. Besides speedy clearing of cheques, banks also have additional advantage of reduced reconciliation and clearing frauds. It is also possible for banks to offer innovative products and services based on CTS.

Why is it needed:

Though MICR technology helped improve efficiency in cheque handling, clearing is not very speedy as cheques have to be physically transported all the way from the collecting branch of a bank to the drawee bank branch. The CTS is more advanced and more secure. Many countries have sought to address this issue with cheque truncation, in which the movement of the physical instruments is curtailed at a point in the clearing cycle, beyond which the process is completed, purely based only on the electronic data and images of the cheques.

What has been the international experience in this regard:

Denmark and Belgium are pioneers in CTS. They adopted complete cheque truncation system more than two decades ago. Sweden is the typical example for having achieved complete truncation where all the cheques can be presented and encashed at any branch; irrespective of the bank on which they are drawn. CTS also takes care of the needs of future electronic transactions.

What has RBI and banks done:

RBI has already enabled CTS to be fully functional in New Delhi. Soon even cheque clearing in Chennai will be settled through CTS. Banks have also taken steps to introduce appropriate technology to facilitate this system.

What are the salient features of CTS?

The physical cheque is truncated within the presenting bank itself. Settlement is generated on the basis of current MICR code line data. These images will be archived electronically and be preserved for eight years. A centralised agency per clearing location will act as an image warehouse for the banks.

Inter-Bank Mobile Payment Service

Inter-Bank Mobile Payment Service (IMPS) offers an instant, 24X7, interbank electronic fund transfer service through mobile phones. There are two types of IMPS services: A personto-person (P2P) service and a person-to-merchant (P2M) service. While the P2P service was launched some 18 months ago, P2M service was made available only recently.

HOW TO START A P2P OR P2M SERVICE:

Register your mobile number with your bank. Get a seven-digit Mobile Money Identifier, or MMID, number. This number is used to identify your bank and is linked to your account number. The combination of mobile number and MMID is unique for particular account, and the customer can link the same mobile number with multiple accounts in the same bank, and get separate MMID for each account. After this, get a Mobile Banking PIN, or M-PIN, which is a password to be used during transactions for authentication and security. Download mobile banking application or use the SMS facility provided by the bank to make a payment.

HOW TO SEND OR RECEIVE FUNDS FOR P2P TRANSACTIONS:

To send money, initiate an IMPS transaction using the mobile app or SMS. You need to enter the beneficiary's mobile number and MMID, amount and M-PIN for initiating a transaction. You will then receive a confirmation SMS for the transaction. To receive money, share your mobile number and MMID with the sender. The sender then initiates the above-mentioned steps. And you get an SMS confirmation for the money received.

HOW DOES THE P2M SERVICE WORK:

There are two ways in which P2M transactions can be performed: customerinitiated transactions (P2M PUSH) and merchantinitiated transactions (P2M PULL). P2M push transactions can be used for paying insurance premium, mobile /DTH recharge, credit card fee, utility bills, over-the-counter payments, and face-to-face payments such as pizza delivery, couriers and cabs. For P2M PUSH, a customer initiates transaction through the mobile banking app or SMS facility provided by the bank. For P2M PULL, the transaction is initiated through the website of the merchant. Plus you need to get a one-time password (OTP) from your bank.

IS THERE A CASH LIMIT:

Yes. Most banks cap the daily limit via IMPS app at Rs 50,000 per day. SBI limits transfers to Rs 1,000 per day through the SMS mode.

SBI ties up with Shriram Automall

State Bank of India (SBI) has entered into a pan-India tie-up with Shriram Automall India Ltd, a subsidiary of Shriram Transport Finance Company, for assisting in post-seizure, warehousing and sale of seized tractors through organised public sale.

SBI, in a statement said, the tie-up would help the company in better price recovery of impaired assets in the form of tractor loans, as Shriram Automall will offer end-to-end solution through more than 65 auto malls.

The auto mall offers a common meeting platform for potential buyers and sellers where the valuation of the vehicle is determined through a transparent process.

“It is expected that a large number of non-performing tractor loan accounts would be addressed through this tie-up in the coming months. Apart from ensuring optimum recovery from the sale of old tractors, this tie-up is expected to create a market for pre-used tractors also where SBI may explore lending opportunities,’’ the bank said.

42% workers are now ‘middle-class’: ILO report

The middle class is rising in a big way, especially in developing countries. About 42 per cent of workers, or nearly 1.1 billion, are now ‘middle-class’, living with families on over Rs 225 ($4-13) per person per day, says a new ILO report.

By 2017, the developing world could see the addition of 390 million more workers in the middle class, the International Labour Organisation (ILO) report says.

“Over time, this emerging middle-class could give a much needed push to more balanced global growth by boosting consumption, particularly in poorer parts of the developing world,” said Steven Kapsos, one of the authors of the Global Employment Trends 2013.

Employment growth

However, the report raises a red flag for employment growth in 2013-14, even if there is a moderate pick-up in output growth.

It estimates that the number of unemployed worldwide may rise by 5.1 million to more than 202 million in 2013 and by another 3 million in 2014, half-a-million of which will be youth.

“The indecision of policy-makers in several countries has led to uncertainty about future conditions and reinforced corporate tendencies to increase cash holdings or pay dividends rather than expand capacity and hire new workers,” says the report.

GDP growth

The ILO report noted that in India, growth in investment contributed 1.5 percentage points to the overall GDP growth over the past year, down from 1.8 percentage points in 2011, while the contribution from consumption declined to 2.8 per cent versus 3.2 per cent the previous year.

Job creation, labour productivity

For countries such as India, the report called for focus on both employment creation and labour productivity.

It noted that in India, even where jobs were created, a large number of workers remained in agriculture (51.1 per cent), in the urban informal sector or in unprotected jobs (contract) in the formal sector.

The share of workers in manufacturing was just 11 per cent in 2009-10, no higher than a decade earlier.

Like many regions, growth has failed to deliver a significant number of better jobs in the formal economy.

Formal employment

Most notably in India, the share of formal employment has declined from around 9 per cent in 1999-2000 to 7 per cent in 2009-10, in spite of record growth rates, it said quoting a study.

Using a comparable definition for the latest year available, the report said the share of workers in informal employment in the non-agricultural sector stood at 83.6 per cent in India (2009-10), 78.4 per cent in Pakistan (2009-10) and 62.1 per cent in Sri Lanka (2009).

Significantly, the report noted that unemployment rates increased rapidly for high-skilled workers, especially women.

“Indians with a diploma suffer particularly, with unemployment rates reaching 34.5 per cent for women and 18.9 per cent for men during 2009-2010,” it added.

RBI hikes FII limit in Govt securities, corporate bonds by $5 billion

The Reserve Bank today hiked FII investment limits in Government securities and corporate bonds by $5 billion each, taking the total cap in domestic debt to $75 billion, with a view to bridging the current account deficit.

Further liberalising the norms, the three-year lock-in period for foreign institutional investors (FIIs) purchasing Government securities (G-Secs) for the first time has been done away with, RBI said.

The sub-limit of $10 billion for investment by FIIs and long-term investors in G-Secs stands enhanced by $5 billion, it said.

The limit in corporate debt, other than infrastructure sector, stands enhanced from $20 billion to $25 billion, RBI said.

With an increase of $5 billion in each of the two categories, FIIs and long-term investors can now invest $25 billion in G-Secs and $50 billion in corporate debt instruments, taking the total to $75 billion.

The earlier FII investment limit in G-Secs was $20 billion and for corporate debt it was $45 billion, including a sub-limit of $25 billion for infra bonds.

RBI further said: “Residual maturity condition shall not be applicable for the entire sub-limit (in G-Secs) of $15 billion but such investments will not be allowed in short-term paper like Treasury Bills, as hitherto”.

The overall FII limit of domestic debt is distributed through a host of categories across Government, corporate and infrastructure debt.

Long-term investors include sovereign wealth funds, multilateral agencies, pension funds and foreign central banks.

Government, which is battling a high current account deficit (CAD) — the gap between inflows and outflows of foreign funds — is trying to attract more foreign funds into the country.

The CAD touched a record high of 5.4 per cent in the July-September quarter of the current fiscal.

In order to check the outflow of foreign currency, the Government recently hiked the import duty on gold and also took steps to encourage mutual funds to park their gold in deposit schemes offered by banks.

As a measure of further relaxation, the RBI added that it had dispensed with the one-year lock-in period on holding infrastructure bonds.

Developing nations top global FDI index for first time in 2012: UN

Developing countries overtook their traditionally wealthier counterparts in attracting foreign direct investment for the first time last year, as industrialised nations bore the brunt of an 18 per cent plunge in FDI flows, the UN’s trade and investment think tank Unctad has said.

Last year, global foreign direct investments — when a company in one country invests for instance in production facilities or buys a business in another country — came in at $1.3 trillion, down from $1.6 trillion in 2011, Unctad’s Global Investment Trend Monitor showed.

In a dramatic shift on the global investment scale, developing countries reaped $680 billion of that, or 52 per cent of the total.

“For the first time in history, developing countries have attracted more investment than developed countries,” James Zhan, who heads UNCTAD’s investment and enterprise division, told reporters in Geneva.

The shift was largely prompted by evaporating investments in crisis-hit developed economies like the United States, European nations and Japan, which accounted for 90 per cent of the $300 billion-decline in global FDI last year, Zahn said.

“We thought we were on the way to a steady recovery, (but) the recovery has derailed,” added Zahn, who pointed out that global investment figures had turned upwards in 2010 and 2011. But amid growing market uncertainty, they fell last year to near the historic low of $1.2 trillion which came during the worst of the global financial crisis in 2009.

The US, which remains the world’s largest recipient of foreign direct investment, saw its FDI inflows slip more than 35 per cent to $147 billion, while Germany saw its net investment level plunge from $40 billion in 2011 to just $1.3 billion last year, mainly due to large divestments there.

“Developing countries also suffered from the global decline,” Zhan said, “but the decline was much more moderate.”

Asia, which raked in 59 per cent of all FDI to developing countries, saw its inflows dip 9.5 per cent, with China, the world’s second-largest recipient of such investments, registering a 3.4-per cent drop in 2012 to $120 billion.

South America and Africa meanwhile registered positive growth in FDI flows last year.

Last year’s overall drop in investments came despite the fact that the global economy grew 2.3 per cent in 2012, while worldwide trade was up 3.2 per cent.

Going forward, Unctad expects FDI flows to rise to just $1.4 trillion this year and to $1.6 trillion in 2014 — still far below the 2007 pre-crisis level of some $2.0 trillion in investments.

IMF: World Economic Growth Rate would be 3.5 percent in 2013

nternational Monetary Fund (IMF) in at update to World Economic Outlook (WEO) on 23 January 2013, projected that the global economic growth rate would be 3.5 percent in 2013. The update mentioned that the global economic growth would strengthen gradually as the limitations of the economic activities have seen a positive note with the start of the year.

Some of the major projections of IMF are

•    Global growth would reach 3.5 percent in 2013, from 3.2 percent in 2012
•    Crisis risks would narrow down but the downside risks will remain crucial
•    Main sources of growth would be the emerging markets, developing countries and the United States

Reasons that may be beneficial in betterment of the economic growth

•    The actions taken in policy making have been responsible in reducing the risk of the acute crisis situation faced in the area and the United States.
•    Actions in terms of plans taken by Japan would also be beneficial in pulling it out from a short-lived recession kind of condition.
•    The policies made by the emerging economies of the world in terms of policy making is has also shown positive outcomes with a good start in the year

The report also described that if the risks of crisis doesn’t materialize, then the expected targets of growth may be crossed and can be stronger then that is projected.

Thing that can show an impact, the growth or result into the downfall

•    Fiscal tightening, if crosses an excessive limit in United States it may have an adverse impact on the economic growth
•    Long-term stagnation of the euro-area would also have an adverse impact

Situations that hinted towards improvement in economic conditions

The economic conditions of the world had shown a positive movement in the third quarter of the 2012 and this was change brought by the performance displayed on the economic front by the emerging economies of the world as well as United States. The borrowing cost of the countries in Euro Zone was marginally better than expected but it also identified some of the weaknesses in the core Euro area. Japan was under the effect of recession in the second half of 2012, which had shown positive signs of improvement in the running year.

Forecasts and the Expected Changes

•    In terms of Euro Zone, IMF managed to downgrade its forecast as this economic situation of the region may contract a bit n 2013.
•    The report also observed slight improvement in the financial conditions of the banks and governments of the Periphery economies, occurred due to the policy actions undertaken by them but these economies has yet not improved in terms of the borrowing conditions in private sector.
•    In terms of United States, the forecast remained broadly unchanged to that of the of October 2012 WEO to 2 percent, but predicted that the support offered to the financial market would support the growth in consumption in the country
•    In terms of Japan, the near-term outlook has also remained unchanged regardless of the recession witnessed by the country in recent past and it’s expected that the monetary easing and incentive package would boost the growth in the country
•    The report projected that the developing economies and the emerging market of the world would grow by 5.5 percent in 2013 and it will remain almost same as it was predicted in October 2012 WEO.
•    In case of China, the IMF has forecasted a growth rate of 7.8 percent, 8.2 percent and 8.5 percent in 2012, 2013 and 2014 respectively. In 2011, it witnessed a growth rate of 9.3 percent.

Findings of the report and threats

•    Following the findings of the report in detail, it’s projected that the Euro Area is one of the biggest threat to the Global Economic Outlook as it poses a downside risk to the economy. If the momentum of reforms is not maintained in the Euro Area than the risk of prolonged stagnation would increase
•   To move ahead of the risk factor, adjustment programs from the periphery countries should continue and be supported by the firewall developments for prevention of the contagion and take steps towards banking union and fiscal integration, the report stated.
•   In case of United States, excessive fiscal consolidation in short term should be avoided and it should raise the debt ceiling and should move ahead to identify a credible medium-term fiscal consolidation plan, that focuses towards entitlement and tax reform.
•    In context of Japan, the report identified that it should find out a medium-term fiscal strategy as lack of such an strategy can bring risks to the stimulus package to it
•  The developing nations and emerging economies need to make fine policies to tackle the of rising domestic imbalances

The overall decrease in the forecast for the global economic growth rate is the result of the economic slowdown witnessed by the world due to the Euro Zone Crisis in existence. The Euro Zone crisis had an adverse impact on the export and import of the world, leading to great set-backs to the emerging economies of the world as well as the developed economies. Before, Euro Crisis the world also suffered from the recession that hit the United States of America in 2009. Japan also witnessed an economic slowdown after the Tsunami that hit the country in 2011 and affected the Fukushima nuclear Plant.

IMF forecasted Indian Economic Growth Rate to be 5.9 percent in 2013

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) on 23 January 2013 projected that the economic growth rate of India in 2013 would be 5.9 percent. The IMF also projected an increased growth rate of 6.4 percent for 2014 looking forward towards the gradual strengthening of the global expansion in India’s context.

In its update at the World Economic Forum (WEO), the IMF also forecasted that the global economic growth rate would be 3.5 percent, little higher than the 3.2 percent estimated earlier. As per the report of IMF, uncertainty in policy making and supply bottlenecks were one of the most visible causes that hampered the growth aspects of the economies like India and Brazil. It also stated that the scopes of easing the policy to any further extent have also gone down in these countries.

About International Monetary Fund (IMF):  

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an organization of 188 countries that works for fostering the global monetary cooperation, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, facilitate international trade, secure financial stability and reduce poverty around the world. Since the end of World War II, the IMF had been playing a major role in shaping the global economy. The IMF has played a part in shaping the global economy.

Allow us to raise ECBs, asset financing NBFCs tell RBI

Asset financing non-banking finance companies (AFCs) have urged the RBI to permit them to raise external commercial borrowings.

Allowing these companies to raise ECBs would help them diversify their source of borrowings and raise funds at cheaper rates, they have submitted.

Also, such long-term borrowings would lend stability to the asset-liability profile of the AFCs, the Finance Industry Development Council (FIDC) has said.

This suggestion forms part of the representation made by the FIDC to the RBI on the draft guidelines of the Usha Thorat Committee report on issues and concerns of NBFC sector.

FIDC is a self-regulatory organisation representing the Asset Financing NBFCs.

This industry body has also said that Tier-I capital requirement for AFCs be maintained at the existing level of 7.5 per cent.

If it is enhanced to 10 per cent, then the risk weight assigned to productive and real assets such as commercial vehicles, construction equipment, tractors, multi-utility vehicles and cars be reduced to 50 per cent levels, FIDC has said.

The draft guidelines of the Usha Thorat committee stipulate that Tier-I capital for capital adequacy ratio purposes be enhanced to 10 per cent (12 per cent for captive NBFCs and those lending to sensitive sectors).

Existing NBFCs have to conform to this norm within three years from the date of notification, the committee has proposed.

Urjit Patel takes over as RBI Deputy Governor

Urjit Patel took over as the Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India on January 14. The Government has appointed him for a period of three years from January 11, 2013. 
49-year-old Patel is the fourth Deputy Governor, the other three being K. C. Chakrabarty, Anand Sinha and Harun R. Khan. He comes in place of Subir Gokarn, whose term ended on December 31, 2012.  

Patel, who is a Ph.D. (Economics) from Yale University, and M. Phil. from Oxford, has been assigned the abovementioned portfolios. Prior to his appointment as Deputy Governor, Patel was Advisor (Energy & Infrastructure), The Boston Consulting Group.

The new Deputy Governor has been a non-resident Senior Fellow, The Brookings Institution, since 2009. Patel was with International Monetary Fund (IMF) between 1990 and 1995.

Patel was on deputation (1996-1997) from the IMF to the RBI and provided advice on development of the debt market, banking sector reforms, pension fund reforms, real exchange rate targeting and evolution of the foreign exchange market.

He was a Consultant (1998-2001) to the Ministry of Finance, Department of Economic Affairs, New Delhi.

Some of Patel’s previous assignments include, President (Business Development), Reliance Industries Ltd; Executive Director and Member of the Management Committee, Infrastructure Development Finance Company Ltd (IDFC) (1997-2006); Member of the Integrated Energy Policy Committee of the Government of India (2004-2006); and Member of the Board, Gujarat State Petroleum Corporation Ltd.

RBI floats draft norms on capital needs for counterparty risk

In order to enhance risk management system of banks, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has proposed tweaking norms for capital adequacy with regard to their exposure in derivative instruments.

Under the new framework, banks’ exposure to central counterparty (CCP), a clearing house, arising from OTC derivatives, exchange traded derivatives and Securities Financing Transactions (SFTs) will be subjected to capital requirements for counterparty credit risk, the RBI said in a draft guidelines.

The central bank has invited feedback from the banks on the draft guidelines on ‘Capital requirements for bank exposures to central counterparties’ by end of this month.

A CCP is a clearing house that interposes itself between counterparties to contracts traded in one or more financial markets, becoming the buyer to every seller and the seller to every buyer and thereby ensuring the future performance of open contracts.

For the purpose of regulatory capital calculation, CCPs will be considered as a financial institution.

The draft norms noted that one of the lessons learnt from the recent crisis has been that OTC derivatives market may be one of the channels for contagion during the crisis.

It was, therefore, decided by the G20 leaders that standardised OTC derivative contracts should be settled through CCPs.

Central clearing will reduce systemic risk by reducing the contagion risk as problems at one institution will not be transmitted to other institutions through OTC derivatives market.

However, requirement of central clearing also concentrates too much risk within the CCPs and any failure of a CCP may be catastrophic for the entire financial system, it said.

The draft norms propose amendments in the Guidelines on Implementation of Basel III Capital Regulations issued in May last year.

The effective date of implementation of Basel III guidelines has been deferred to April 1, 2013

Allahabad Bank, small-businesses body sign pact

Allahabad Bank has signed a memorandum of understanding with the Chamber of Indian Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises to shore up its priority-sector lending. The Chamber will get proposals from its members for consideration of the bank. Once a loan is sanctioned, the organisation will support the bank in follow-up and recovery and provide early warning signals.

Bank of Bahrain appoints new CEO for India operations

Bank of Bahrain and Kuwait has appointed Mallikarjun Kota as its Chief Executive Officer and Country Head-India Operations with effect from January 1, 2013.

Prior to this appointment, Kota was Country Head of Business and Corporate Banking and Branch Head in Hyderabad.

Vijaya Bank deposit scheme

Vijaya Bank has launched a deposit scheme, ‘V-Abhivriddhi’.

The scheme offers higher returns to depositors and is for a three-month period from 2013 January 1 to March 31.

The minimum amount of deposit is Rs 10 lakh and the maximum amount Rs 100 crore with a maturity period ranging from seven days to 180 days. The scheme does not attract any pre-closure penalty charges.

ItzCash ties up with HDFC Bank, Visa

ItzCash Card, a multi-service prepaid card company of the Essel Group, has tied up with HDFC Bank and Visa to launch corporate gift cards. The HDFC Bank ItzCash Visa Gift Card offers a wide range of products and can be used at over a million outlets where Visa cards are accepted. Employers can use the card to reward staff members, customers or pay commissions. The card can be purchased for any value. It comes with a range of security features designed to protect cardholders from unauthorised purchases if their card is stolen. The gift card, which is valid for one year, cannot be reloaded by paying at bank branches and cannot be used in ATMs for withdrawal of cash. The card can be used for purchases at shops and online transactions over the Internet. 

RBI set up Working Group to review Banking Ombudsman Scheme

The Reserve Bank of India in the month of January 2013 had set up a working group to evaluate and make improvements in the grievance redressal mechanism for bank customers. 

The working group constituted in the Reserve Bank of India is going to review, update, and revise the Banking Ombudsman Scheme, 2006. 

As per the RBI annual report of the Banking Ombudsman Scheme 2011-12, In Financial Year 2011-12, the banking ombudsman’s office of the RBI received around 72889 complaints. It disposed off 94 per cent of the customer complaints, About one-fourth of the total customer complaints were about banks’ failure to meet commitments and non-observance of fair practices code. 

Also, it was seen that the Banking Ombudsman received 14492 card-related complaints in the reporting year. Unsolicited cards and charging of annual fee in spite of being offered ‘free’ card formed the basis of some of the complaints against the banks. 

Presently, we have 15 Banking Ombudsmen with unambiguous jurisdiction covering the 29 States and seven Union Territories in India.

Allahabad Bank Signed MoU with Chamber of Indian Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

Allahabad bank signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Chamber of Indian Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (CIMSME) in Kolkata on 4 January 2013. The MoU was signed to support the priority sector lending. 

CIMSME is basically a body that represents interest of the companies in the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector, with the financial institutions, banks, concerned ministries as well as other organisations. 

According to the agreement, CIMSME would help in activating the proposals from the members for the due consideration of the bank. Once the bank sanctions the loan, CIMSME would help the bank in following-up as well as recovering the dues. CIMSME would also help in providing the early signs of warning, if they exist. 

MoU signed between the two will basically help in accelerating the process of faster clearance of loan proposals which lie under MSME. It would additionally, also enable the bank in acquiring quality proposals as well as boosting up the credit flow to this sector. 

MoU signed between CIMSME and Allahabad Bank was executed by General Manager (SME & Retail Credit) as well as the President of CIMSME in the presence of CMD of Allahabad Bank.

R.K. Dubey is Canara Bank CMD

R.K. Dubey, 59, has been appointed the Chairman and Managing Director of Canara Bank. Dubey’s was areas of expertise include planning and budgeting, resource mobilisation, credit, risk management, human resources (HR), IT and marketing. A post-graduate in English, Dubey also has a degree in law and management in HR practices. He is also a certified associate of the Indian Institute of Bankers. Dubey joined Punjab National Bank in 1977 as a management trainee and moved up the ranks to become a general manager in 2008 and was appointed as executive director of Central Bank of India in 2010.

Cabinet approves capital infusion in PSU banks

The Union Cabinet has approved a capital infusion package of Rs 12,517 crore for about 10 public sector banks. According to the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA), the move will enable the banks to maintain a minimum tier-1 CRAR (capital to risk weighted assets ratio) at comfortable level under international bank capital adequacy standard norm BASEL-III. This will ensure compliance to the regulatory norms on capital adequacy and will cater to the credit needs of productive sectors of the economy, as well as, to withstand the impact of stress in the economy. This additional availability of credit will cater to the credit needs of our economy and will also benefit employment oriented sectors, especially agriculture, micro and small enterprises, export, entrepreneurs." Earlier the government has infused about Rs 20,117 crore in public sector banks during 2010-11, and Rs 12,000 crore in 2011-12. According to the Economic Survey for 2011-12, the capital infusion had enabled PSBs to "maintain a minimum tier 1 CRAR at eight percent on 31st March, 2012, and also increased shareholding of the government in PSBs to 58 percent".

Fiscal cliff

Fiscal cliff is a newly coined term in USA, referring to the effect of a number of laws which, if unchanged, could result in tax increases, spending cuts, and a corresponding reduction in the budget deficit beginning in 2013. These laws include tax increases due to the expiration of the so-called Bush tax cuts and across-the-board spending cuts under the Budget Control Act of 2011. The year-over-year changes for fiscal years 2012–13 include a 19.63% increase in tax revenue and 0.25% reduction in spending. The US Congressional Budget Office estimates that allowing certain laws on the books during 2012 to expire or take effect in 2013 (the baseline scenario) would cut the 2013 deficit approximately in half and significantly reduce the trajectory of future deficits and debt increases for the next decade and beyond. However, the 2013 deficit reduction would adversely impact the economy in the short-run. On the other hand, if Congress acts to extend current policies (the alternative scenario), deficits and debt will rise rapidly over the next decade and beyond, slowing the economy over the long run and dramatically increasing interest costs. Many experts have argued that the U.S. should avoid the fiscal cliff while taking steps to bring the long-term deficit and debt trajectory under control. For example, economist Paul Krugman recommended that the US focus on employment in the short-run, rather than the deficit. Federal Reserve Chair Ben Bernanke emphasized the importance of balancing long-term deficit reduction with actions that would not slow the economy in the short-run. Charles Konigsburg, who directed the bi-partisan Domenici-Rivlin deficit reduction panel, advocated avoiding the fiscal cliff while taking steps to reduce the budget deficit over time. He recommended the adoption of ideas from deficit panels such as Domenici-Rivlin and Bowles-Simpson that accomplish these two goals.

Cheque Truncation System (CTS)

Cheque Truncation System (CTS) is a process that will give banks the freedom to avoid transporting a physical cheque from the presenting bank (where the cheque is deposited) to the drawee bank (where it is issued). As per the CTS, instead of a physical cheque, an electronic image of the cheque will be sent to the drawee bank. Of course, this image will have all the necessary information needed to process the cheque. Right from the nine-digit MICR code, the date of the cheque and the details of the presenting bank, like branch, etc.

Banks get 3 more months to implement Basel III norms

 The Reserve Bank of India has extended the date for implementation of Basel III, the global capital norms for banks, by three months to April 1.

“The Reserve Bank of India has rescheduled the start date for implementation of Basel III to April 1, 2013 from January 1, 2013,” the central bank said.

The RBI, however, did not provide reasons behind the rescheduling.

The move, experts said, will provide additional time to some banks that need to enhance their capital base in line with the new norms for strengthening the resilience of the global banking system.

The RBI further said that India will closely monitor the progress on Basel III implementation in other countries, particularly the major ones, who are members of the Basel Committee.

The RBI had issued guidelines on the implementation of Basel III capital regulation in India in May this year. These guidelines were to be implemented from January 1, 2013 in a phased manner and were to be fully implemented by March 2018.

As per the new global norms, banks will have to hold core capital of at least 7 per cent of risk weighted assets by 2018.

In September, the RBI Governor, D. Subbarao, had said that Indian banks will require an additional capital of Rs 5 lakh crore to meet the new global banking norms.

Of the total Rs 5 lakh crore, equity capital will be Rs 1.75 lakh crore, while Rs 3.25 lakh crore will have to come as the non-equity portion.

The government, which owns 70 per cent of the banking system, alone will have to pump in Rs 90,000 crore equity to retain its shareholding in the public sector banks at the current level to meet the norms.

The Basel Committee recently said that the 11 member jurisdictions including India, Australia, Canada, China and Japan, have published the final set of Basel III regulations effective from the start date of January 1, 2013.

Seven other jurisdictions including the European Union and the US have issued draft regulations, and have indicated that they are working towards issuing final versions as quickly as possible. 

First Indian Bank to launch the e-Gift card facility

Axis Bank, India’s third largest private sector Bank announced the launch of ‘Axis Bank e- Gift Card’, thereby becoming India’s first bank to offer to all bank’s domestic customers an option to buy an e- Gift Card. The Axis Bank e- Gift Card offers customers an alternate channel through which they can buy a gift card for their dear ones. The facility of e- Gift Card can be availed at www.gogiftacard.com where a
customer can buy and send a card of his choice by either e-mailing it or sending it via SMS to their loved ones. Domestic customers can purchase these online e- Gift Cards using their credit / debit card issued by their respective bank. All purchase transactions shall be limited to sites that support verified by Visa and MasterCard Secure Code for two factor authentication.

Zero Balance Account for Beneficiaries of Government Programmes

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has advised all Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) on 10.8.2012 to offer a ‘Basic Savings Bank Deposit Account’ and also convert existing basic banking ‘no-frills’ accounts’ to ‘Basic Savings Bank Deposit Account’. Such accounts do not have the requirement of any minimum balance and comes with the facility of ATM Card or ATM-cum-Debit Card. However, the holders of such accounts are not eligible to open any other savings bank deposit account in that bank. Under Financial Inclusion, banks have already opened 3.16 crore accounts by March 31, 2012.

Chandrashekhar panel to frame rules for foreign investors

Market regulator SEBI on December 12 said it has appointed a committee under ex-Cabinet secretary K M Chandrashekhar to frame a single set of guidelines for all types of foreign investors.

The committee will suggest ways to simplify the investment process for all overseas entities like foreign institutional investors, foreign venture capital investors (FVCIs), qualified financial/institutional investors (QFIs), and NRIs, among others, and also to strengthen surveillance over them.

NBFCs may need prior RBI nod for ownership change

Non-banking financial companies (NBFC) would need RBI’s prior approval before making changes in their ownership control, a draft guideline of the central bank said on December 12.

The draft guidelines, based on the Usha Thorat Committee report, also seek to make mandatory for all deposit-taking NBFCs to obtain credit rating.

Appointment of CEOs of NBFCs with asset size of Rs.1,000 crore and above would require the RBI approval, it added.

“In the interest of good governance and the sensitivities associated with NBFCs... such companies, whether listed or not, will need to comply with Clause 49 of SEBI’s listing agreement on corporate governance including induction of independent directors,” the draft said.

The draft norms said existing unrated NBFCs-D will be given one year to get rated, “thereafter, they would not be allowed to accept any fresh deposits or renew existing deposits, till they get themselves rated,” it said.

On change in control or transfer of shareholding, the draft said that all registered NBFCs should take prior approval from the RBI where there is a change in control and increase of shareholding to the extent of 25 per cent by individuals or groups, directly or indirectly.

Regarding non-performing assets (NPAs), the RBI has proposed that asset classification and provisioning norms should be made similar to that of banks for all registered NBFCs irrespective of the size.

At present, the period for classifying loans into NPAs in case of NBFCs is higher at 180/360 days compared to 90 days for banks.

The RBI has sought stakeholder comments on the draft norms by January 10.

Reserve Bank tightens norms for issue of debit cards

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on December 12 stipulated that debit cards would be issued to customers having Savings Bank and Current Accounts but not to cash credit or loan account holders.

Banks may issue only online debit cards, including co-branded debit cards where there is an immediate debit to the customers’ account, and where straight through processing is involved, RBI said.

“Banks are, henceforth, not permitted to issue offline-debit cards. Banks which are now issuing offline debit cards may conduct a review of their offline debit card operations and discontinue operations of such cards within a period of six months from the date of this circular,” RBI said in a notification to all banks.

Banks were also asked to ensure that customers were duly informed regarding switching over to online debit cards. However, till such time as offline cards were phased out, the outstanding balances / unspent balances stored on the cards would be subject to computation of reserve requirements.

Banks should undertake review of their operations/issue of debit cards on half-yearly basis. The review would include, inter-alia, card usage analysis, including cards not used for long durations due to their inherent risks.

Banking Glossary

ATM
An automated teller machine (ATM) is a machine in which a customer can use his card along with PIN to get cash, information and other services.
Bank Guarantee
Bank guarantee is a promise by a bank on behalf of its customer to a third party to pay an amount specified in the guarantee deed in case the customer fails to perform the obligation as stipulated in the deed.
Banking Ombudsman
Banking Ombudsman is an independent dispute resolution authority set up by the Reserve Bank of India to redress customer complaints against deficiency in certain banking services.
Bills
Bills are financial negotiable instruments such as Bills of Exchange or Promissory Notes. Bill of Exchange is issued by a seller to his buyer directing him to make payment for the goods supplied/ services rendered. Bill in the form of a promissory note is issued by a buyer to his seller undertaking to make payment for the goods received/ services rendered.
Bill Purchase / Discounting
Bill purchase / discounting are modes of extending credit to the seller of goods who has raised demand / usance bill of exchange. Demand bills are purchased and usance bills are discounted.
Card
Card is a general term for any plastic card, which a customer may use to pay for goods and services or to withdraw cash. In this Code, it includes ATM/ Smart/Debit/Credit cards.
Cash Credit/Overdraft
Cash credit/overdraft is a form of credit facility in which a borrower is sanctioned a pre- arranged limit with the freedom to borrow as much money as he requires. In case of flow of credit to the account, he can withdraw afresh subject to the limit sanctioned. As such, the limit works as a revolving line of credit. Bank charges interest on the outstanding balances.
Cash losses
Cash losses mean net losses minus depreciation.
Cheque Collection Policy
Cheque Collection Policy refers to the policy followed by a bank in respect of various local and outstation cheques and instruments deposited with the bank for credit to an account.
Compensation Policy
Compensation Policy refers to the policy followed by a bank for compensating its customers for the financial losses incurred by them (the customers) due to the acts of omission or commission on the part of the bank.
Credit facilities/ Bank Loan
Credit facilities from the bank may be in the form of a term loan or in the form of overdraft or cash credit that is extended by a bank to its customer for a specified period and he is charged interest on the outstanding balances.
Credit Information Companies (CICs)
Credit Information Companies are companies formed and registered under the Companies Act, 1956 and which have been granted a Certificate of Registration by the Reserve Bank. These companies are empowered to collect data on credit from credit institutions who are its members and disseminate
the same after analysis, to its members and specified users.
Current Account
A form of demand deposit wherefrom withdrawals are allowed any number of times depending upon the balance in the account or up to a particular agreed amount.
Customer
An MSE or its authorised representative who has an account with a bank or who avails of other products/ services from a bank.
Deceased account
A Deceased account is a deposit account in which case either the single account holder has deceased or in case of joint accounts one or more of joint account holders has/have deceased.
Demat accounts
A Demat account refers to dematerialised account and is an account in which the stocks of investors are held in electronic form.
Deposit Accounts
• “Savings deposits” means a form of demand deposit which is subject to restrictions as to the number of withdrawals as also the amounts of withdrawals permitted by the bank during any specified period.
• “Term deposit” means a deposit received by the bank for a fixed period withdrawable only after the expiry of the fixed period and includes deposits such as Recurring/Short Deposits/Fixed Deposits/ Monthly Income Certificate/Quarterly Income Certificate etc.
• “Notice Deposit” means term deposit for specific period but withdrawable on giving at least one complete banking day’s notice.
Electronic Clearing Service
The Electronic Clearing Service (ECS) is an online transmission system which permits the electronic transmission of payment information by the banks/branches to the Automated Clearing House (ACH) via a communication network.
Electronic Funds Transfer
Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) is a scheme introduced by RBI to help banks to offer their customers facility of transfer of funds from account to account from one bank branch to another in places where EFT service is available.
Equity
Equity means a part of capital of a corporate entity that is represented by the shares of the company whether in physical or dematerialised form.
Factoring
Factoring is a financial option for the management of receivables. It is the conversion of credit sales into cash.
Government bond
Government bond means a security, created and issued by the Central or State Government for raising a public loan.
Guarantee
A promise given by a person.
Improper conduct of account 
Issuing of cheque on the account without sufficient balance in the account; frequent returns of inward / outward cheques in the account; account has been overdrawn, or the account holder has exceeded its agreed credit limit; non compliance of KYC procedure; fraud/malfeasance or fraudulent intention exhibited by the customer; suspicious transactions/ engagement in money laundering activity under the scope of PMLA Act, 2002 etc. are instances of improper conduct of account.
Letter of Credit
A letter of credit is a document issued by a bank, which usually provides an irrevocable undertaking for payment to a beneficiary against submission of documents as stated in the Letter of Credit.
Mail
Mail is a letter in a physical or electronic form.
Merchant Services
Merchant services generally refer to merchant accounts allowed to trading and service establishments for acceptance of payments through credit/ debit cards. The cards may be accepted over the counter through card terminals i.e. Point of Sale (POS) machines or over phone or through internet.
Micro and Small Enterprises
Micro and Small Enterprises are those enterprises engaged in manufacturing or rendering services.
A micro enterprise is defined as:
An enterprise engaged in the manufacture or production of goods pertaining to any industry where the investment in plant and machinery does not exceed Rs. 25 lakh
or
An enterprise engaged in rendering services where investment in equipment does not exceed Rs. 10 lakh.
A small enterprise is defined as :
An enterprise engaged in manufacture or production of goods pertaining to any industry where the investment in plant and machinery is more than Rs. 25 lakh but does not exceed Rs. 5 crore
or
An enterprise engaged in rendering services where investment in equipment is more than Rs. 10 lakh but does not exceed Rs. 2 crore.
National Electronic Funds Transfer
National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT) system is a nation-wide funds transfer system to facilitate transfer of funds from one bank branch to any other bank branch in the country.
Net worth
Net worth means sum of Capital and free reserves minus accumulated losses.
Nomination Facility
The nomination facility enables the bank to: make payment to the nominee of a deceased depositor, of the amount standing to the credit of the depositor, return to the nominee, the articles left by a deceased person in the bank’s safe custody, release to the nominee of the hirer, the contents of a safety locker, in the event of death of the hirer.
Non-Fund based facility
Non-fund based facilities are such facilities extended by banks which do not involve outgo of funds from the bank when the customer avails the facilities but may at a later date crystallise into financial liability if the customer fails to honour the commitment made by availing these facilities. Non-fund based facilities are generally extended in the form of Bank Guarantees, Acceptances and Letters of Credit.
Non Performing Asset
A Non Performing Asset (NPA) is a loan or an advance where
i) interest and/ or installment of principal remain overdue for a period of more than 90 days in respect of a term loan.
ii) the account remains ‘out of order’ in respect of an Overdraft/Cash Credit (OD/CC).
iii) the bill remains overdue for a period of more than 90 days in the case of bills purchased or discounted.
Originator
An organisation which collects payments from a customer’s account in line with customer’s instructions.
Other Security Information
A selection of personal facts and information (in an order which the customer knows), which may be used for identification when using accounts.
Out-of-date (stale) cheque
A cheque, which has not been paid because the date written on the cheque is a date exceeding three months from the time of its presentation.
‘Out of Order’ status
An account should be treated as ‘out of order’ if the outstanding balance remains continuously in excess of the sanctioned limit/drawing power. In cases where the outstanding balance in the principal operating account is less than the sanctioned limit/drawing power, but there are no credits continuously for 90 days as on the date of Balance Sheet or credits are not enough to cover the interest debited during the same period, these accounts should be treated as ‘out of order’.
Overdue
Any amount due to the bank under any credit facility is ‘overdue’ if it is not paid on the due date fixed by the bank.
PAN
The Permanent Account Number (PAN) is an all India unique Number having ten alphanumeric characters allotted by the Income Tax Department, Government of India. It is issued in the form of a laminated card. It is permanent and will not change with change of address of the assessee or change of Assessing Officer.
Password
A word or a set of numbers or an alphanumeric combination for an access code, which the customer has chosen, to allow him to use a phone or Internet banking service. It is also used for identification.
Payment and Settlement System
Payment and Settlement System means financial system creating the means for transferring money between suppliers and user of funds usually by exchanging debits or credits among financial institutions.
PIN
A confidential number, use of which along with a card allows customers to pay for articles/services, withdraw cash and use other electronic services offered by the bank.
Real Time Gross Settlement
The acronym ‘RTGS’ stands for Real Time Gross Settlement. RTGS system offers the fastest means of transfer of funds through banking channel. Settlement of transactions under RTGS takes place on one-to-one basis, which is termed as ‘Gross’ settlement and in ‘real time’ i.e. without any waiting period.
Reasonable
Governed by or being in accordance with reason and sound thinking; being within the bounds of common sense; not excessive or extreme.
Repossession
Repossession is the process by which a creditor with a loan secured on house or goods (e.g. car) takes possession of the security, if the debtor does not repay as per the terms of the loan agreement.
Rehabilitation Package
Rehabilitation package is the package drawn for the rehabilitation of a sick unit. The package has to be drawn in accordance with the RBI stipulations and it usually consists of
i) Working Capital with relaxation in the rate of interest in terms of regulatory guidelines
ii) Funded Interest Term Loan
iii) Working Capital Term Loan
iv) Term Loan
v) Contingency Loan Assistance
Smart Cards
A smart card is a plastic card about the size of a credit card, with an embedded microchip which can process data. It provides a secure way of identification, authentication and storage of data. It can be used for telephone calling, electronic cash payments, and other applications.
Security
Represents assets used as support for a loan or other liability. In the event of the borrower defaulting on the loan, the lender bank can claim these assets in lieu of the sum owed.
Primary security is the asset created out of the credit facility extended to the borrower and / or which is directly associated with the business / project of the borrower for which the credit facility has been extended.
Collateral security is any other security offered for the said credit facility. For example, hypothecation of jewellery, mortgage of house etc. Services
i) In respect of small and micro service enterprises, services refer to small road and water transport operators, small business, professional and self-employed persons, and all other service enterprises.
ii) Services rendered by the banks include various facilities like remittance (issue of DDs, MTs, TTs etc), receipt and payment of cash, exchange of notes and foreign exchange etc. provided by the banks to the customers.
Sick Unit
Sick unit refers to a unit whose account has remained substandard for more than six months or there has been erosion in net worth due to accumulated cash losses to the extent of 50% of the net worth during the previous accounting year and the unit has been in commercial production for at least
two years.
Substandard
A substandard asset would be one, which has remained NPA for a period less than or equal to 12 months.
Tariff Schedule
The schedule containing charges levied by a bank on the products and services offered by it to its customers.
Unpaid Cheque
This is a cheque, which is returned ‘unpaid’ (bounced) by the drawee bank.

Banking Codes and Standards Board of India

In November 2003, RBI constituted the Committee on Procedures and Performance Audit of Public Services under the Chairmanship of Shri S.S.Tarapore (former Deputy Governor) to address the issues relating to availability of adequate Banking Services to common man. The mandate to the Committee included identification of factors that inhibited the attainment of best customer services and suggesting steps to improve the quality of banking services to individual customers. The Committee felt that in an effort to continuously upgrade the package of services that banks offered to their customers there was a need of benchmarking of such services. After in depth study at the grass root level the Committee concluded that there was an institutional gap for measuring the performance of banks against a bench mark reflecting the best practices (Code and Standards). Therefore, the Committee recommended setting up of the Banking Codes and Standards Board of India broadly on the lines of Banking Codes and Standards Board functioning in U.K.

Among the existing institutional structures, the Scheme of Banking Ombudsman, which has been functioning for quite some time, does not look into systemic issues with a view to enforcing a prescribed quality of service. Ideally, such a function should be performed by a Self Regulatory Organisation (SRO) but in view of the existing framework of the banking sector in India, it was felt that an independent, autonomous Board will be best suited for the function. Therefore, Dr. Y.V. Reddy, Governor, Reserve Bank of India, in his Monetary Policy Statement (April 2005) announced setting up of the banking Codes and standards Board of India in order to ensure that comprehensive code of conduct for fair treatment of customers was evolved and adhered to.

The Banking Codes and Standards Board of India has been registered as a separate society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860. Therefore, it would function as an independent and autonomous body.

The Banking Codes and Standards Board of India is not a Department of the RBI. Reserve Bank has agreed to lend it financial support for a limited period. It is an independent banking industry watch dog to ensure that the consumer of banking services get what they are promised by the banks.

To ensure that the Board really functions as an autonomous and independent watchdog of the industry, the Reserve Bank also decided to extend financial support to the Board by way of meeting its full expenses for the first five years. This was to enable the Board to reach its economic critical mass that will make it truly independent in its functioning and take a view on any bank without its existence coming under any threat. On its part, RBI would derive supervisory comfort in case of banks which are members of the Board. In substance, the Board has been set up to ensure that common man as a consumer of financial services from the banking Industry is in a no way at a disadvantageous position and really gets what it has been promised.

RBI and the State Bank of Vietnam signed a Memorandum of Understanding

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on 16 November 2012 signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) for promoting greater co-operation and sharing supervisory information, between the two supervisors.

The MoU between the two banks was signed at Hanoi, Vietnam in the Headquarters of State Bank of Vietnam and by the Chief General Manager-In-Charge, Department of Banking Supervision, RBI- G. Jaganmohan Rao and Chief Inspector, Banking Supervision Agency, SBV- Nguyen Huu Nghia. The Deputy Governor, SBV- Dang Thanh Binh, and Indian Ambassador to Hanoi- Ranjit Rae graced this occasion of signing the MoU.

IndiaFirst Life launches Simple Benefit Plan

 Private insurer IndiaFirst Life Insurance launched ‘Simple Benefit Plan’ that offers dual benefits of a life cover and assured savings.

“Simple Benefit Plan offers an insurance cover on your life and additionally helps you earn and secure returns on the money that you invest with us, with premiums as low as Rs 174 per month.

“This plan is customised for people who want to save and at the same time secure their families from uncertainties of life, but do not have large disposable incomes.”

The plan term is between 10 to 20 years and offers a death benefit equal to the sum assured plus five times the annual premium, guaranteed amount and additional earning from bonuses.

It also provides tax benefits. Customers can also access their money easily during any emergency by availing a loan of up to 90 per cent of the surrender value.

IndiaFirst Life Insurance is a joint venture between two public sector banks — Bank of Baroda and Andhra Bank — along with UK’s leading risk, wealth and investment company Legal & General.

ATM network crosses 1-lakh mark

 The number of ATMs in India has crossed the one lakh mark, according to the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI). All the banks put together have plans to install an additionally about one lakh ATMs over the next two years, raising the number of ATMs per million population to about 170 ATMs from 85.

As of October 2012 the total number of ATMs was 1,04,500. Public sector banks and the State Bank group with about 61,500 ATMs accounted for 59 per cent of the ATMs. The private sector and foreign banks put together have about 41,800 ATMs accounting for 40 per cent of the ATMs and the balance 1 per cent represents about 1,150 ATMs that have been deployed by co-operative banks/RRBs.

Almost all the ATMs in the country are part of NPCI’s National Financial Switch (NFS) network which facilitates routing of ATM transactions through inter-connectivity between the bank's systems, thereby enabling ATM/debit cardholders of the country to utilise the services in any ATM of a connected bank.

Nearly 200 million transactions are processed every month in NFS, of which 75 per cent are cash withdrawal transactions with an average ticket size of Rs 3,300. The balance 25 per cent transactions are non–financial transactions.

Besides cash withdrawal and balance Inquiry transactions, NFS supports other Value Added Services (VAS) such as pin change and mini statement through the ATMs. There are plans to increase the VAS through Card-to-Card transfer, cheque book request and statement request through the ATMs. 

Master card and Thomas Cook Came up Together for Travel Prepaid Cards

Thomas Cook (India), the integrated travel and travel-related financial services company on 1 November 2012 launched prepaid foreign exchange borderless prepaid card in collaboration with MasterCard Worldwide, a global payments and technology company.

The borderless prepaid card is going to enable travellers with an option of loading eight currencies on a single card that is US Dollars, British Pounds, Euro, Australian Dollars, Canadian Dollars, Swiss Francs, Singapore Dollars and Japanese Yen.

The borderless prepaid card is basically a multi-currency card which has a validity of five years. The person carrying the card is liable for getting the visiting country’s currency loaded on the card which enables him to save money and time.

The borderless prepaid card come up with an embedded chip and PIN which ensures  security and increased protection against counterfeiting and skimming card frauds.

The company is also offering a free replacement of the card within 72 hours if in case it is stolen or had been lost. It also has 24x7 global emergency assistance via toll free access in over 80 countries.

The master card came to this idea after a Consumer Segmentation Study in which they had found that around 36.7 per cent affluent Indians want to go overseas for a holiday.

The collaboration with MasterCard, is supposed to grant an acceptance at over 34.3 million merchant establishments, e-commerce websites and access to 2 million ATMs.

IBPS GENERAL AWARENESS EXPECTED PRACTICE MCQs

1. Who among the following never discharged the duties as the Governor of Reserve Bank of India?
1) Man Mohan Singh
2) M. Narasimham
3) P.Chidambaram
4) R. N. Malhotra
5) Dr. Bimal Jalan

2. On 5th October 2012, World Bank agreed to provide loan of $ 500 million to India for?
1) Infrastructure projects in the Southern Part of Western Ghats.
2) Upliftment of poor people residing in Andaman Nicobar Islands.
3) Repairing the old dams in the Coastal parts of Karnataka.
4) Providing the water to the region of Bhundelkand.
5) Secondary Education Project named Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA).

3. On 16th October 2012, an Indian-American Banker Vikram Pandit resigned as the CEO of ?
1) BNP Paribas Group
2) ICICI Group
3) Axis Group
4) Federal Bank Group
5) Citi Group

4. Citi Bank headquarters is at ?
1) Mexico City
2) Paris
3) New York
4) Tokyo
5) Tel Aviv

5. In the minting of Rs. 500 and Rs. 1000 paper currency, RBI uses OVI. OVI means?
1) Oval Variation Ink
2) One Variation Ink
3) Optically Value Ink
4) Optically Variable Ink
5) None

6. Alvin Roth and Lloyd Shapley were conferred with Noble Prize 2012 in the field of?
1) Economics
2) Physics
3) Medicine
4) Chemistry
5) Peace

7. Days list given. Pick the incorrect one.
1) International Day of the Older Persons - 1 October
2) World Habitat Day - First Monday of October every year
3) UN International Day for National Disaster Reduction - 13 October
4) World White Cane Day (Guiding the Blind) - 16 October
5) International Day for the Eradication of Poverty -17 October

8. List of Bird sanctuaries in India given. The wrong combination is?
1) Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary - Rajasthan
2) Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary - Kerala
3) Kolleru Lake Bird Sanctuary - Andrha Pradesh
4) Vedanthankal Lake Bird Sanctuary - Tamilnadu
5) Jayakwadi Bird Sanctuary - Maharashtra

Muthoot Finance wins award

Muthoot Finance Ltd has received the Golden Peacock Award for ‘Excellence in Corporate Governance’ for the year 2012 in London. The award ceremony hosted by Institute of Directors (IOD) at the London Global Convention 2012 was given on the basis of recommendations of the jury headed by Justice P.N. Bhagawati, former Chief Justice of India and member of the UN Human Rights Commission.

Centre of Science and Environment and HSBC Bank came Together to Impart Environment Training

Centre of Science and Environment (CSE) on 17 October 2012 announced Partnership with Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corpoartion Ltd (HSBC) to set up modern Environment Training Institute in Alwar district of Rajasthan.

The Institute that will set up will be offering short and long term courses on Environmental governance for regulators and decision makers.

Both the organization will be improving environmental governance in India by building capacity of environment regulators, non-government organizations and industry.

The institute will cover the multiple research disciplines such as air pollution, water and waste water management, climate change, sustainable industrialisation and urbanisation, renewable energy, public transport and mobility and environment impact assessment.

The Institute is going to be developed as an incubation, development and demonstration centre for green technologies.
 
 Centre of Science and Environment (CSE)

The Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) is a public interest research and advocacy organisation based in New Delhi. It was founded in 1980. CSE researches into, lobbies for and communicates the urgency of development that is both sustainable and equitable.

Centre of Science and Environment uses knowledge-based activism to create awareness about environment related problems and helps in proposing sustainable solution.

ICICI Bank Signed an Agreement with Eco Bank of Africa

ICICI Bank on 15 October 2012 signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Ecobank Transnational Incorporated of Africa in order to extend their banking services across their combined footprint in India and Africa.

The MoU was signed in Tokyo by Vijay Chandok, President - International Banking Group of ICICI Bank Ltd and Arnold Ekpe, Group CEO of Ecobank.

India’s trade with Africa has doubled in the past four years. Stronger investment ties are complementing this steady growth in trade with Indian investments in Africa across a range of sectors including oil & gas, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, fertilizers, IT and infrastructure.

About Ecobank

Eco bank is a pan-African banking conglomerate, with banking operations in 35 African countries. It is the leading independent regional banking group in West Africa and Central Africa, serving wholesale and retail customers. Ecobank was incorporated in Lome, Togo. Ecobank Transnational Incorporated is the parent company of the leading independent pan-African banking group.

About ICICI Bank

ICICI Bank Limited is India's largest private sector bank and the second largest bank in India, with consolidated total assets of US $ 111 billion as on June 30, 2012.
It is the second largest bank in India by assets and third largest by market capitalization.

BANKING AWARENESS PRACTICE MCQs

1. Which of the following is known as Plastic Money?
A) Demand Draft
B) Credit Card
C) Debit Card
1) Only A
2) Only B
3) Only C
4) Both B and C
5) All A, B and C

2. KYC guidelines followed by banks have been framed on the recommendations of the ...........
1) Ministry of Home Affairs
2) Ministry of Information Technology and Human Resource Development
3) Indian Banks Association
4) Ministry of Finance
5) Reserve Bank of India

3. Business Correspondents in banking are for:
1) Providing services for the Platinum Customers
2) Providing services for children
3) Serving the educational institutions
4) Serving the weaker sections of society
5) None of these

4. What is the full form of FDI?
1) Foreign Development Investment
2) Fiscal Development Investment
3) Foreign Direct Investment
4) Fiscal Direct Investment
5) None of these

5. CMD of a public sector bank is appointed by:
1) Reserve Bank of India
2) Indian Banks Association
3) Central Government
4) Respective Bank's Board of Directors
5) None of these

6. What is the current Statutory Liquidity Ratio?
1) 23 %
2) 24 %
3) 20%
4) 4.5%
5) None of these

7. Expand CTS.
1) Cheque Truncation System
2) Cash Transaction System
3) Current Transaction System
4) Credit Truncation System
5) None of the above

8. Micro finance development equity fund is managed by:
1) RBI
2) NABARD
3) Indian Banks Association
4) Asian Development Bank
5) None of these

9. What is the full form of LIBOR?
1) London Inter - Bank Offer Rate
2) Liquidity Inter - Bank Offer Rate
3) Liquidity International Bank Offer Rate
4) London International Bank Rate
5) None of these

10. Which of the following does not come under core sector?
1) Crude Oil
2) Natural Gas
3) Coal
4) Electricity
5) Automobile